#activitypub 108 hashtags

Todd Sundsted
Algorithmic Feeds: The Data Exchange
The previous two posts (here and here) in this series on algorithmic feeds introduced the built-in criteria judge and external custom judges. A custom judge is a script run by the Ktistec server that…

The previous two posts (here and here) in this series on algorithmic feeds introduced the built-in criteria judge and external custom judges.

A custom judge is a script run by the Ktistec server that decides whether a post is included in the feed or excluded from the feed based on data about the posts that the server provides in a temporary SQLite database.

There is a lot of data to work with (the owner is you, the feed's creator):

  • feed
    One row describing the feed being judged.
    • name : The feed's name.
    • description : The feed's description.
    • params : The feed's parameters.
  • stats
    One row. Posts per day over the last 90 days, across the authors the owner follows (confirmed only, not deleted or blocked). Authors who posted nothing in that window are left out.
    • posting_rate_q1 : First quartile.
    • posting_rate_median : The median.
    • posting_rate_q3 : Third quartile.
  • authors
    One row per author of any post in posts or referenced. 
    • iri : The author's IRI.
    • type : The actor type.
    • handle : The author's handle.
    • followers : The IRI of the author's followers collection.
    • deleted : Whether the author is deleted.
    • blocked : Whether the author is blocked.
    • followed : Whether the owner follows the author (a confirmed follow).
    • rate_7, rate_30, rate_90 : The author's posts per day over the last 7, 30, and 90 days, counting only posts the server has cached that aren't deleted or blocked.
  • posts/referenced
    posts holds the posts to judge. referenced holds the posts replied to or quoted, one level deep. Both tables have the same columns.
    • iri : The post's IRI.
    • type : The object type.
    • name : The post's name (title).
    • summary : The post's summary (content warning).
    • content : The post's content as HTML (Markdown is converted).
    • language : The post's language.
    • sensitive : Whether the post is marked sensitive.
    • published : When the post was published.
    • to, cc, audience : The addressing, as arrays of IRIs.
    • attachments : An array of {url, media_type, caption}.
    • in_reply_to : The IRI of the post this one replies to.
    • quote : The IRI of the post this one quotes.
    • thread : The IRI of the thread's root.
    • hashtags, mentions : Arrays of {name, href}.
    • labels : An array of the owner's private labels on the post.
    • author : The author's IRI.
    • deleted : Whether the post is deleted.
    • blocked : Whether the post is blocked.
    • timeline : "create" or "announce" if the post is in the owner's timeline, otherwise NULL.
    • poll : {options, multiple_choice, closed_at}, but only when type is "Question".

This data is used in the example judges shipped with Ktistec.

The polls judge builds a feed consisting of polls. It includes only posts whose type is "Question". It would be very easy to extend this judge to filter on single-choice vs. multi-choice or on polls about specific topics.

The quiet_posters judge is a little more complex. The server provides statistics on all of the actors you follow, as well as the author's posts per day over the last 7, 30, and 90 days. A post is included only if you follow its author and that author's 90-day posting rate is at or below the median, so the quieter half of your follows aren't drowned out by the noisier ones.

As you might imagine, there's a lot of value in judges built around statistics, social signals, and interactions. This is the area where I'm now putting most of my effort.

#ktistec #AlgorithmicFeed #ActivityPub #fediverse

Todd SundstedWeek in Fediverse :fediverse_light:
Todd Sundsted
Algorithmic Feeds: A Custom Criteria Judge
In the last post in the series on algorithmic feeds in Ktistec, I introduced the built-in criteria judge, which renders verdicts on posts based on the presence or absence of terms, like hashtags and …

In the last post in the series on algorithmic feeds in Ktistec, I introduced the built-in criteria judge, which renders verdicts on posts based on the presence or absence of terms, like hashtags and keywords.

In this post, I introduce custom algorithmic feeds by showing you what a simple implementation of the criteria judge looks like if rewritten as a custom judge. Custom judges are nothing more than scripts, external to the server, that the server runs to judge candidate posts.

Here is the custom criteria judge:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# ktistec: batch-size=250
# ktistec: param=any required
# ktistec: param=all
# ktistec: param=none
import html, json, re, sqlite3, sys
def terms(value):
    return [t.strip().lower() for t in (value or "").split(",") if t.strip()]
db = sqlite3.connect(sys.argv[1])
params = json.loads(db.execute("SELECT params FROM feed").fetchone()[0])
any_terms = terms(params.get("any"))
all_terms = terms(params.get("all"))
none_terms = terms(params.get("none"))
posts = db.execute("SELECT iri, name, summary, content, hashtags, mentions, labels FROM posts")
for iri, name, summary, content, hashtags, mentions, labels in posts.fetchall():
    text = " ".join(filter(None, (content, summary, name)))
    text = html.unescape(re.sub(r"<[^>]+>", " ", text)).lower()
    hashtags = {h["name"].lower() for h in json.loads(hashtags)}
    mentions = {m["name"].lower() for m in json.loads(mentions)}
    labels = {label.lower() for label in json.loads(labels)}
    def hit(term):
        if term.startswith("#"):
            return term[1:] in hashtags
        if term.startswith("@"):
            return term[1:] in mentions
        if term.startswith("§"):
            return term[1:] in labels
        return term in text
    included = not any(map(hit, none_terms)) and any(map(hit, any_terms)) and all(map(hit, all_terms))
    db.execute("INSERT INTO answers (iri, included) VALUES (?, ?)", (iri, int(included)))
db.commit()

It's simple, and it's not a perfect work-alike, but it shows the overall structure.

The Ktistec server runs judges, both built-in and custom, when there are candidate posts. Given a batch of posts, the judge makes exactly one decision: is each post included in the feed or excluded from the feed?

To do this, a judge is given the path to a temporary SQLite file (in sys.argv[1] in the example above) with information about the posts in the batch and their authors, as well as information about the feed itself.

Most of the time, posts arrive one at a time and the script runs on each post as it arrives. But the SQLite database can contain multiple posts—and it will when previewing or backfilling a feed—so the script must iterate over every post and judge each post independently.

In this example, the judge strips the post of markup and then looks for terms that match. It writes a verdict on the post into the answers table.

The front matter at the top of the file tells the server some things about the judge: the maximum batch size (the default is 1), and what params the judge expects the feed to provide. In this case, it expects three params, and the first is required. The params allow a user to create multiple, parameterized feeds from a single judge.

The params appear as inputs on the feed editor page.

A New Feed form with the Judge dropdown set to 'criteria-alike', above Name and Notes fields and three text inputs labeled Any (highlighted as required), All, and None. Create Feed, Preview Feed, and Cancel buttons are at the bottom.
Figure 1: Params as they are displayed in the feed editor

The "Judge" dropdown at the top of the form only appears when you create a feed, and only when there are custom judges. You make a script a custom judge by placing the script in the <root>/etc/judges directory, making it executable, and waiting a few minutes until the server picks it up, or restarting the server. Here the custom criteria judge was saved as <root>/etc/judges/criteria-alike.

The example is in Python, but you can use the language of your choice.

In the next post, I'll go over what else in the SQLite database supplied to the judge is useful for judging.

#ktistec #AlgorithmicFeed #ActivityPub #fediverse

Todd Sundsted
Algorithmic Feeds: The Criteria Judge

Since v3.13.0, Ktistec has supported custom feeds.

A custom feed is a collection of posts selected by a set of rules called a judge. Any post Ktistec has cached that is public, or was sent to you, is a candidate. The judge's job is to decide which posts are in the feed and which posts are out.

Ktistec comes with one built-in judge called the criteria judge. It also supports any number of fully custom external judges—judges implemented as external scripts the server can call on candidate posts.

I use the criteria judge for most of my custom feeds. This post explains how it works. Later posts will dive into external judges.

The Criteria Judge

The criteria judge allows you to define feeds by flexibly matching on keywords, hashtags, and mentions. You can filter candidates to those posts that contain any of one set of keywords, hashtags, or mentions, all of a second set, and none of a third.

A Judge dropdown set to "criteria" sits above Name and Notes fields. Below, a Criteria section has three stacked boxes for keywords, #hashtags, and @mentions: "Any of these" (green), then "AND", "All of these" (blue, optional), then "BUT", "None of these" (red, optional). Create Feed, Preview Feed, and Cancel buttons are at the bottom.
Ktistec's New Feed form.

Keywords match anywhere in a post's text, summary, or title, ignoring case—even inside words, so "art" also matches "party". Hashtags and mentions match exactly: #art matches only posts tagged #art. Use a hashtag when you want precision. Use a keyword when you want reach.

Once you've settled on terms, you can preview the feed. To keep it fast, the preview returns up to 20 matches from the 100 most recent candidates—just enough to give you a feel for what it will look like. "Create Feed" publishes the feed and starts a task that backfills the last 30 days of posts. (Feeds are private, though—only you can see them.)

After it is published, the feed is available in the deck—the column-oriented feed reader. The deck shows up to 12 feeds side by side, and you can reorder them.

A wide curved monitor showing Ktistec's deck in a browser: six side-by-side columns of posts titled Relentlessly Upbeat, The Fediverse, Retro Computing, Fandom, Fedicon, and DIY. Post text has been replaced with placeholder text and images are blurred.
The deck.

Matching is fast. I have feeds with 20+ keywords and hashtags, and there is no perceptible processing delay when a new post arrives.

#ktistec #activitypub #fediverse

Todd Sundsted
Release v3.15.0 of Ktistec

This release ("savor the moments when goodness prevails") of Ktistec lands two big new features: RFC 9421 HTTP Message Signatures and private labels.

RFC 9421 support is inbound only, for the moment. The code for signing activities is written, but I want to test parsing and verification in the real world first. Signing will ship in the next release.

Private labels allow you to annotate posts with your own hashtag-like labels. Once posts are labeled, you can view them together on an index page, just like hashtags. You can use them in custom themes, and in the next release, you will be able to include them as criteria in custom feeds. Because they are private, they are not federated.

Here's the full changelog:

Added

  • Verify inbound RFC 9421 HTTP Message Signatures (rsa-v1_5-sha256).
  • Private labels, visible only to you, for organizing and finding posts.
  • Cache the posts on inbound post quotes or replies.
  • Include totalItems in label, hashtag, and mention collections.

Fixed

  • Ignore inbound activities whose identifier is local.
  • Mark an actor up only when its origin took part in the request.
  • Store a community-relayed Delete only when its origin serves it.
  • Don't accept a community's signature as verification of a relayed vote by an actor on another origin.
  • Ignore federated hashtags, mentions, and emoji whose name is only their sigil.
  • Hide inline quote links and dim deleted or blocked posts on unthemed pages.
  • Fix action button spacing on mobile.

Changed

  • Move the timeline's share and reply filters into a control bar.
  • Hyphenate multi-word names in the theme data attributes.
  • Record how an inbound activity was verified.

I'll be publishing a series of posts on writing custom algorithmic feeds. Stay tuned!

#ktistec #crystallang #activitypub #fediverse

Todd SundstedWeek in Fediverse :fediverse_light:
Todd Sundsted
Release v3.14.0 of Ktistec

v3.14.0 ("question authority") is the end of a long road.

The goal was pluggable, algorithmic feeds. "Pluggable" because I want to drop a script into a directory to add a new algorithm—not recompile the server. "Algorithmic" because I want predictable, fine-grained control over what I see and how it's organized.

I've been working on this feature, across releases, for almost four months. A recent thread gave me the motivation to just get it done!

The discussion in that thread also shaped the result: algorithmic feeds ships with four example algorithms (called "judges") that demonstrate what's possible:

  • quiet_posters shows posts from the people you follow whose posting frequency is in the bottom 25%
  • long_reads groups posts over 500 characters
  • community groups posts from threadiverse servers (Lemmy, PieFed, etc.)
  • polls puts all polls in one feed

One interesting implementation decision: the exchange format between server and judge is an SQLite database holding the batch of posts to be judged. Rather than rolling a custom data exchange format, you get a well-tested file format that brings schema support, serialization/deserialization, and a query language nearly for free.

Here is the full set of changes in this release:

Added

  • Algorithmic feeds, judged by executables in etc/judges.
  • Accept community-relayed votes authorized by the object's audience.
  • Include the linked SQLite3 version and its features in NodeInfo.

Fixed

  • Pick up a remote actor's rotated public key.
  • Don't save actors embedded in community-relayed activities.
  • Ignore community-relayed and directly delivered activities attributed to a local actor.
  • Reload an actor's page only when that actor's Refresh button is pressed.
  • Hide the Refresh button on a local actor's panel.
  • Fall back to the default avatar when a refreshed icon fails to load.
  • Enable icon repair on actor panels and actor cards.
  • Keep the no-replies timeline queries on the timeline index.

Changed

  • Judge feed posts in the background instead of in the request.
  • Reconcile each key once when an actor is blocked or unblocked.

#ktistec #crystallang #activitypub #fediverse

Todd SundstedWeek in Fediverse :fediverse_light:
Todd SundstedFediDB
A graph of active mastodon versions

There’s a bot for that

Five new fediverse accounts that post what FediDB sees: charts of the network, new software, new large servers, release adoption and the projects growing fastest.

fedidb.com/blog/2026/theres-a-bot-for-that

#FediDB #Bots #Fediverse #ActivityPub #OpenData

Todd SundstedWeek in Fediverse :fediverse_light: